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| INO103A - Innovation expenditures of innovative enterprises, by activity, size class and component elements |
| Definition |
Innovation expenditure comprises both expenditure for innovation activities carried out as well as those for on-going or abandoned innovation activities. The main components of expenditure for innovation are:
- Expenditures for the internal research-development activity that include the creative activities undertaken systematically within the enterprise, in order to increase the volume of knowledge and their use in order to produce products (goods or services);
- External R&D includes R&D that the enterprise has contracted out to other enterprises (including other enterprises in your group) or to public or private research organisations
- Acquisition of machinery, equipment, software and buildings includes: Acquisition of advanced machinery, equipment, software and buildings to be used for new or significantly improved products or processes;
- Acquisition of existing knowledge from other enterprises or organisations comprises acquisition of existing know-how, copyrighted works, patented and non-patented inventions, etc. from other enterprises or organisations for the development of new or significantly improved products and processes;
-Other innovative activities comprises other in-house or contracted out activities to implement new or significantly improved products and processes such as feasibility studies, testing, tooling up, industrial engineering, etc.
Innovation activities for product and/or process include the acquisition of machinery, equipment, software, and licenses; engineering and development work, design, training, marketing and R&D when they are specifically undertaken to develop and/or implement a product or process innovation. Also include all types of R&D activities.
Starting with the 2016-2018 survey wave, innovation expenditure comprises both expenditure for innovation activities carried out as well as those for on-going or abandoned innovation activities. The main components of expenditure for innovation are: in-house research and development (R&D), external R&D, expenditure for all other innovative activities.
Expenditures for in-house R&D comprise activities undertaken by the enterprise to create new knowledge or to solve scientific or technical problems (include software development in-house that meets this requirement). Include current expenditures including labour costs and capital expenditures on buildings and equipment specifically for R&D.
External R&D expenditures comprise R&D activities which the enterprise has contracted out to other enterprises (including other enterprises in the group) or to public or private research organizations.
Expenditure for all other innovative activities comprise in-house or contracted out training for personnel specifically for the development and/or introduction of new or significantly improved products and processes, in-house or contracted out activities for the market introduction, including market research and launch advertising, in-house or contracted out activities to design or alter the shape or appearance of goods or services, other in-house or contracted out activities to implement new or significantly improved products and processes such as feasibility studies, testing, tooling up, industrial engineering, etc.
These expenses were grouped into:
- Expenditures for own staff in innovation;
- Expenditures for the purchase of services, consumables from external sources (elsewhere);
- Capital expenditures for innovation.
Expenses for own personnel include all wage and salary expenses for employees engaged in innovation activities other than R&D.
Expenses for services, materials, supplies purchased from others for innovation include all expenses for services or for material,that are used in innovation activities and not already part of R&D.
Capital expenditures for innovation include the costs of the acquisition of tangible and intangible capital goods, such as machinery, equipment, buildings, land, capitalised software, and other externally purchased capital goods inputs that are used in innovation activities and have not been included in R&D.
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| Periodicity |
Annual |
| Data sources |
Statistical survey on innovation activity in business enterprises details |
| Methodology |
Until the 2016-2018 survey wave, the indicator was called ''Expenditures for innovation of enterprises with product and / or process innovation ....'' and included only enterprises with product and / or process innovations, from the old methodology.
Starting with the 2016-2018 survey wave, the methodology was modified in accordance with the new edition of the OSLO Manual 2018. For this period, the number of innovative enterprises includes enterprises with product innovations, business process innovations, on-going and / or abandoned innovations, research and development activities. The business process innovations category includes the process, organizational and marketing innovations from the previous edition of the Oslo Manual. The coverage includes enterprises with over 9 employees in: industry (NACE divisions Rev.2: 05-09, 10-33, 35, 36-39) and services (NACE divisions Rev. 2: 46, 49-53, 58- 63, 64-66, 71, 72 and 73).
For this period, the expenses of innovative enterprises include: expenses with internal research-development activity, expenses with external research-development activity and all other expenses for innovative activities.
Statistical survey is based on - Community Innovation Survey (CIS), collecting information on innovation and innovative activities of enterprises, during a three years period, according to guidelines for collecting and interpreting innovation data - Oslo Manual recommandations.
For the period 2000-2002 in breakdown for expenditure innovation, it was included also " Other expediture" , indicator has been stopped in following years.
For the periods 2000-2002, 2002-2004, 2004-2006 the economic activities are presented according to the classification of NACE Rev.1 economic activities, the scope being represented by the enterprises with over 9 employees from: industry (NACE Rev.1 divisions: 10-14 , 15-37, 40-41) and services (51, 60-64, 65-67, 72.73,741 and 742).
For the periods 2006-2008 and 2008-2010, the economic activities are presented according to NACE Rev.2 and the scope is represented by the enterprises with over 9 employees from: industry (NACE Rev.2 divisions: 05-09, 10-33, 35 , 36-39) and services (NACE divisions Rev. 2: 46, 49-53, 58, 61, 62, 63, 64-66, 71).
For the periods 2010-2012, 2012-2014 and 2014-2016, the coverage is more comprehensive, respectively the enterprises with over 9 employees from industry (divisions NACE Rev.2: 05-09, 10-33, 35, 36-39) and services (divisions NACE Rev. 2: 46, 49-53, 58-63, 64-66, 71, 72 and 73).
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| Last update |
OCT 27, 2022 |
| Observations |
The statistical survey on innovation is done every 2 years. Until the 2016-2018 survey wave, the indicator was called ''Expenditures for innovation of enterprises with product and / or process innovation ....'' and included only enterprises with product and / or process innovations, from the old methodology.
Data are available for the periods 2000-2002, 2002-2004, 2004-2006, 2006-2008, 2008-2010, 2010-2012, 2012-2014, 2014-2016, 2016-2018,2018-2020.
In 2002 the breakdown of expenditure for innovation it was included also, the "Other categories" which are not following next years.
In 2012, the breakdown of innovation expenditures has the following changes:
- the expenditures for acquisition of machinery, equipment, and software comprises also buildings;
- the expenditures for acquisition of existing knowledge from other enterprises or organisations was renamed:acquisition of other external knowledge;
- a new component of expenditures was included: ''Other innovative activities'' which comprises other in-house or contracted out activities to implement new or significantly improved products and processes such as training, market introduction of innovations, design.
For periods 2014-2016 and 2016-2018 the value ''0'' represent data under 0,05%.
Starting with the period 2016-2018, the expenses of innovative enterprises include: expenses with internal research-development activity, expenses with external research-development activity and all other innovation expenditures.
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| Responsible person |
Nunu Carmen, carmen.nunu@insse.ro, tel. 0213181854 |
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