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| LMV101D - Vacancies rate by macroregions, development regions, groups of occupations (ISCO-08) |
| Definition |
The job vacancy rate represents the ratio between the number of job vacancies and the total number of jobs (occupied and vacant, excluding those blocked or intended only for promotion within the enterprise or institution), expressed as a percentage.
The yearly job vacancy rate represents the ratio between yearly average number of vacancies and yearly average number of jobs (occupied and vacant, excluding those blocked or intended only for promotion within the enterprise or institution), expressed as percentage.
The number of job vacancies includes number of paid, newly created, unoccupied positions, or which are to become vacancies, for which:
1.2005-2008 period:
i. the employer is taking active steps to find a suitable candidate for filing in the respective post (examples of active steps: the announcement of the vacant post through the official services of employment, advertising through newspapers, media, Internet, direct recruitment of the candidates etc);
ii. the employer intends to fill immediately or in the near future (maximum 3 months after the reference period).
2.2009 onwards:
i. the employer is taking active steps to find a suitable candidate for filing in the respective post (examples of active steps: the announcement of the vacant post through the official services of employment, advertising through newspapers, media, Internet, direct recruitment of the candidates etc);
ii.the employer intends to fill either immediately or within a specific period of time, established by the employer. The specific period of time refer to the maximum time the vacancy is open and intended to be filled.
Are considered job vacancies, the posts designated for persons outside the enterprise (but for which persons from inside the enterprise could also compete), irrespective if the posts are for an indefinite or definite duration or are in full-time or part-time working program.
Are not considered job vacancies, the unoccupied posts:
- exclusively designated to the hierarchical promotions inside the enterprise or institution;
- from public administration bodies blocked by a legal act.
The posts occupied by persons who are absent for a certain period of time (maternity leave, leave for child care, sickness leave, unpaid leave, other absences) are considered vacancies, if the employer wants to substitute for a definite period (temporary) and takes active steps in finding the replacing candidates.
The yearly average job vacancies are calculated as simple arithmetic mean of the quarterly data.
Total number of jobs (occupied and vacancies) includes number of occupied jobs and number of job vacancies.
Number of occupied posts is measured by number of employees at the end of the month (employees with suspended labour contract/agreement excluded) comprising persons with labour contract/agreement for a definite or indefinite duration (including seasonal workers, the manager or the administrator) whose labour contract/agreement was not suspended, being in force in the last day of the middle month of the reference quarter. The employees who work from home or in tele-work are registered in the same way as the employees who carry out their activity at the usual workplace. Day labourers are included in the "employees" category, if they have an individual employment contract with the reporting unit. Are included persons who worked and were remunerated, irrespective of the type of work performed and number of hours worked (full-time or part-time) being on the payroll of the employer at the last day of the middle month of the reference quarter.
Are not included: the employees whose labour contract/agreement was suspended in the last day of the middle month of the reference quarter, being in one of the situations stipulated by the legal provisions in force (e.g.: maternity leave, temporary work incapacity leave, appointment within and executive, legislative or judicial authority, for the entire mandate duration, a.s.o.); the employees working abroad and/or having several jobs and do not have the main job at the reporting unit are not included, as well as the following categories: owners who carry out their activity within their own enterprises and for whom the income source is solely represented by unit dividends and profits; family workers who are carrying out their activity within an economic unit belonging to the family or to a relative, by helping it and for which they do not receive a compensation as wages and salaries; the payment is done in kind (food, clothing, housing) or occasionally or exceptionally in cash, without being included on payrolls; members of county and local councils; day labourers who carry out unskilled activities on an occasional basis, in accordance with the legal provisions in force.
In view to avoid double/multiple registration, please observe the definition from the Fiscal code (with further amendments) referring to the dependent activity at the main job, i.e. ''any activity carried out based on an individual labour contract or on a special status provided by law, declared to the employer as being the main job; in case the activity is carried out for several employers, the employee is obliged to declare to each employer the unit where he/she has the job considered as main job''.
Yearly average occupied posts are calculated as simple arithmetic mean of the quarterly data. |
| Periodicity |
Annual
Quarterly |
| Data sources |
Statistical survey on vacancies details |
| Methodology |
Data on the vacancies rate are obtained from Job vacancy survey, quarterly statistical sample survey, having as reference period, the middle month of the quarter. Statistical survey is carried out on the same sample used for the production of monthly statistics on earning and number of employees (according to the specifications from the FOM105E matrix).
Starting with the first quarter of 2024, the sample includes about 23300 economic and social units.
Business units with 50 and more employees and budgetary sector units (public administration, education, human health and social work activities) are exhaustively comprised into the survey.
Information regarding ''budgetary sector'' should be used carefully, because data refer to statistics from economic activities, according to CANE Rev.2, of public administration, education and human health and social work activities (including private sector of education - about 3.2%, respectively human health and social work activities - about 11.7%).
Armed forces and assimilated staff (Ministry of National Defence, Ministry of Interior, Romanian Intelligence Office etc.) are excluded.
These statistics do not take into consideration the type of financing, their purpose being to provide information by economic activity according to CANE Rev.2.
Information corresponding to the type of financing are administered by the Ministry of Public Finances, according to the stipulations of GEO no. 48/2005, with later completions and modifications.
In relation to the situation caused by the COVID-19 pandemic, the infra-annual, statistical data may present a lower degree of reliability, accuracy, completeness and comparability, as a result of the difficulties arising from the application of economic and social measures, determined by the declaration of state emergency/alert throughout Romania. These difficulties were mainly determined by heavy access to the financial and accounting documents, caused frequently by the sudden closure of certain economic and social units, by not completing in due time of the respective documents, by relaxation of legal deadlines for submitting tax documents to the related institutions, by temporarily suspending the activity for a significant number of economic and social units or even by ceasing their activity, in some cases.
Exceptionally, the employees with suspended labour contract/agreement at the employer initiative, without the termination of their employment contract, in case of temporary interruption or reduction of activity, for economic, technological, structural or similar reasons (technical unemployment, unpaid leave), respectively in the case of employees who benefit from days off for the child supervision, in accordance with the legal provisions were included.
The need to include these categories of employees resulted from:
- the exceptional nature of their absence from work (suspension of their employment contract/employment relationship, for a limited period of time);
- the fact that the employer paid them for the reference period (even if the amounts were partially or fully subsided by the state authorities);
- the legal provisions in force, which prohibits the dismissal of these employees, if the unit benefited from subsidies for technical unemployment from the state authorities;
- the impossibility of filling the posts occupied by the above mentioned employees, due to the fact that the employer did not have the possibility to declare these occupied posts as vacancies or to initiate the necessary steps in order to hire other employees.
Also, the data are colected and disseminated in accordance with the International Standard Classification of Occupations (ISCO - major group level, excluding major group 0 - armed forces).
According to the territorial distribution, data are available by total economy, macro-regions and regions (level 0, 1, and 2 of NUTS).
In order to improve the quality estimates and to increase the overall response rate, estimation methods were applied, by imputing the missing data from the statistical survey with the data reported in administrative sources ("Declaration on payment obligations related to social contributions, the income tax and nominal records of insured persons (D112) owned by National Agency for Fiscal Administration", respectively "General register of employees (REGES)" owned by Labor Inspection). The imputation rate is about 10%. Type of non-response taken into account: refusal, units not identified, units not contacted, dormant or insolvency units at the end of the reference period (that reported data in administrative sources).
Metadata and quality report
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| Last update |
NOV 21, 2024 |
| Observations |
Starting with 2011 the new classification of occupations is used according to G.D. no. 1352/2010 regarding the approval of structure of the Classification of Occupations in Romania (COR 2008) level of basic group and according to the International Standard Classification of Occupations ISCO-08.
For the first three quarters of 2011, the data were revised as a result of the indicators quality improvement for the distribution by major groups of occupations (COR2008). The ''Wages Survey in October 2011'' was used as a complementary source of information to reconcile the occupational distribution of employees.
May be differences, between the quarterly and annual average data related to the number of job vacancies, due to the rounding of the decimal part of annual averages. These differences can also influence the average annual rates, especially in cases where there are a small number of observed cases.
Starting with the reference year 2017, Eurostat no longer requires EU Member States direct transmission of annual data, and disseminates them according to their own calculations based on national quarterly data. As a consequence, there may be some insignificant differences due to the rounding of the decimal part of the annual averages, between the data published at national level and those published by Eurostat.
In accordance with Order 1635/2018 of the Ministry of Labor and Social Justice, the name "Unskilled Workers" was changed to "Elementary occupations".
The data are available starting with 2011.
For the period 2005 - 2010 data are found in the matrix LMV101C.
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| Continuation |
This matrix represents a continuation of the LMV101C matrix, containing data up to Year 2010. |
| Responsible person |
Cotirta Alin; e-mail:alin.cotirta@insse.ro; int. 2281 |
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